Side effect synonym7/1/2023 ![]() ![]() Īssembly language programmers must be aware of hidden side effects - instructions that modify parts of the processor state which are not mentioned in the instruction's mnemonic. The functional language Haskell restricts side effects with a static type system it uses the concept of monads to do stateful and IO computations. Functional languages such as Standard ML and Scheme do not restrict side effects, but it is customary for programmers to avoid them. In functional programming, side effects are rarely used. Imperative programming is known for its frequent utilization of side effects. But the degree to which side effects are used depends on the programming paradigm. Side effects are the most common way to enable a program to interact with the outside world (people, filesystems, other computers on networks). Understanding a program with side effects requires knowledge about the context and its possible histories and therefore can be hard to read, understand and debug. In the presence of side effects, a program's behavior depends on history that is, the order of evaluation matters. For example, a function might modify a global or static variable, modify one of its arguments, raise an exception, write data to a display or file, read data, or call other side-effecting functions. In computer science, a function or expression is said to have a side effect if, in addition to returning a value, it also modifies some state or has an observable interaction with calling functions or the outside world. ![]()
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